He subsequently served as a member of Panama's National Assembly, and briefly as a government minister before heading into exile again following Arias' third overthrow. The money, as it slowly came in, was applied to governmental expenditures, but where it was needed more was in a police force, since street crime and narcotics trade had skyrocketed since Noriega and his associates had been purged. [6] International observers led by former US President Jimmy Carter and a separate group of observers appointed by US President George H.W. 2001. He ran for office in 2004 and 2009 but lost to the former President Martin Torrijos and to the incumbent President Ricardo Martinelli. This page was last modified on 11 November 2015, at 02:53. He received his education in Argentina, the United States and the University of Panama Law School. Guillermo Endara. The marriage received widespr… Martín Torrijos ran on a platform of strengthening democracy and negotiating a free trade agreement with the US, and was supported by popular musician and politician Ruben Blades. [1] His father, Guillermo Endara Paniza, was an ally of Authentic Panameñista Party founder Arnulfo Arias, and the family went into exile after Arias was overthrown in a 1941 coup. Datasets available include LCSH, BIBFRAME, LC Name Authorities, LC Classification, MARC codes, PREMIS vocabularies, ISO language codes, and more. The rotund Endara, his head swathed in a bandage, later went on a hunger strike. The Linked Data Service provides access to commonly found standards and vocabularies promulgated by the Library of Congress. Returning to Panama, Endara attended the University of Panama Law School, graduating first in his class. [18] In February 1990, the overweight Endara began a hunger strike in the Metropolitan Cathedral to call attention to the nation's poverty and to pressure US President George H. W. Bush to dispense previously pledged American aid. [1][8] Endara was struck with an iron club, leaving a gash on his head. [13], Seen as a restorer of democracy, Endara was later noted for having defended freedom of speech and democratic institutions. Operation Just Cause was the name given to the U.S. invasion of Panama in December 1989 for the purposes of removing General Manuel Noriega from power and extraditing him to the U.S. to face charges of drug trafficking and money laundering. Endara was reportedly so happy in the marriage that he would even leave cabinet meetings for "a quick cuddle". Even the nearly 50 percent unemployment rate when Endara took office dropped by over 25 percent. When the Panamanian National Guard (which became the Panama Defense Forces in 1982) overthrew Arias in the October 1968 coup, Endara went underground, was jailed in 1971, and joined the deposed executive in exile until the ban on Arias was lifted. He … Endara, who governed from 1989 to 1994, died at his home in Panama City. Until May 1989 Endara was virtually unknown to Americans. ... Public Name. Guillermo "Billy" Ford Boyd (November 11, 1936 – March 19, 2011) was the Second Vice President of Panama.He was one of the running mates of presidential candidate Guillermo Endara during the 1989 Panamanian election campaign. Guillermo Endara died on September 28th, 2009 at the age of 73. [12] Arias resigned from the vice presidency on December 17, 1992, stating at a news conference that Endara's government "does not listen to the people, nor does it have the courage to make changes". [1][2] Endara remained politically engaged and when Arias died in 1988, Endara became a leading opposition figure. "[4], The next day, Endara and his running mates, Ricardo Arias Calderón and Guillermo Ford, led a contingent of a thousand supporters to protest the annulment of the elections and urge that the ADOC candidates be recognized as the winners. New construction and businesses thrived, and most businesses that existed before the invasion were once again active. All of a sudden we were stopped by … Guillermo was born to Guillermo Endara Paniza and Elsa Maria Galimany Codol on 12th May, 1936, in Panama City. [21] In 1992, Diaz won $125,000 in the national lottery and indicated that she intended to keep the money rather than donating it; the incident was also cited as an example of the Endara's administration's lack of concern for Panama's poor. His administration was marked by internal fighting and corruption scandals, and his popularity plummeted. He served two terms in the Panamanian National Assembly and taught law at the university. By now the growing disenchantment of the U.S. Government (which, in the interest of national security and its efforts to wage a covert war against the government of Nicaragua, had tolerated Noriega's narcotics trafficking and arms dealing) made Arias and his cause more palatable. Then he became the presidential candidate of the Panameñista Party and the choice of Noriega's growing middle-class opposition, the Civil Democratic Opposition Alliance. [2][19], By May 1992, Endara's public approval rating had fallen from its initial 70% to only 10%. He lost about 30 of his 265 pounds, but it was not enough to shed his nickname: Pan Dulce (roughly, Honeybun), after the Mexican pastry.AD [8][9] Images of the attacks on Endara and Ford were carried by media around the world, and were credited with building public support in the US for the invasion that would soon follow. His parents were closely allied with Arnulfo Arias, founder of the nationalistic (and at one time anti-American) Panameñista movement in the late 1930s. [3], Endara later served two terms in the National Assembly. On December 28, after Noriega had taken shelter within the Vatican embassy in Panama City, Endara wrote Pope John Paul II, pleading with him to have his ambassadors give Noriega over to the American invasion, since Endara could not guarantee Noriega a fair trial within Panama, which they did. What is a Photo Volunteer? The company's filing status is listed as Inactive and its File Number is P00570. The Weeping Woman Analysis. On September 7, 1977, President of the United States Jimmy Carter and the de factoleader of Panama, General Omar Torrijos, signed Torrijos–Carter Treaties, which set in motion the process of handing over the Panama Canal to Panamanian control by the year 2000. Guillermo Endara 12 May 1936 – 28 Sep 2009. Endara celebrated his 53rd birthday in a hospital bed recovering from a beating with an iron bar, and his first wife, Marcela, with whom he had one daughter, died of a heart attack while he was bed-ridden. Noriega's cronies took phony tally sheets to the district centers, but by this time the opposition's count was already out. The election results were annulled by the Noriega regime before counting finished after it had been shown that Endara and Ford's coalition was leading Noriega's … Endara and his two vice presidents—Guillermo Ford and Ricardo Arias Calderon—faced a difficult task. [1][2][10], The US armed forces overthrew Noriega's government during the US invasion of Panama in December 1989. He then attended New York University for further law studies until he returned to Panama in 1963, helping to found Solis, Endara, Delgado, and Guevara, now one of Panama's most successful law firms. In this photo taken Feb. 2, 2009, former Panama's President Guillermo Endara holds a stick as he talks with journalists in Panama City. Guillermo Endara was secretly installed as President of Panama precisely as US troops launched the December 1989 invasion to oust the military strongman General Manuel Antonio Noriega. President of Panama. Death. Welcome! During his presidency, Endara abolished the Panamanian military and replaced it with a national police force. [2][3] Endara went to school in Argentina and to Black-Foxe Military Institute in Los Angeles in the United States,[3] where he was described as being a "brilliant student". The Registered Agent on file for this company is Mendoza, Adolfo G. and is located at 2000 South Dixie Highway, Suite 112, Miami, FL 33133. [17] During his presidency, Panama had an average annual economic growth of 8%. [1] He later attended the University of Panama Law School, where he graduated first in his class, and New York University. Panama's new president. The rotund Endara, his head swathed in a bandage, later went on a hunger strike. Endara and vice-presidential candidate Guillermo Ford were both attacked. Arias was inaugurated as first vice president, and Ford as second vice president. He remarried on June 11, 1990, at the age of 54, to Ana Mae Diaz Chen, a 22-year-old law student of Chinese origin. Almunia De Inversiones Corporation is a Florida Foreign Profit Corporation filed on January 10, 1984. His second marriage led to his nickname EL GORDO FELIZ which meant Happy Fatty. She was a law student. Endara later received a law degree in Panama. The U.S. had trained Noriega and used him as a CIA informant for decades, and he was an important ally in the covert "Contra" war against the … And, with the Cold-War corpse not even cold yet, president George … Continue reading "George Bush’s Wars Set the Stage for 25 Years of Endless War" [2] American officials told Noriega that if he did not accept the presidency, the only alternative would be an undisguised American occupation. The United States long maintained numerous military bases and a substantial garrison throughout the Canal Zone to protect the American-owned Panama Canal and to maintain American control of this strategically important area. Please take a few seconds to create your free account to post threads, make some friends, remove a few ads while surfing and much more. [14] He also oversaw a reform of the Panamanian Defense Forces, purging Noriega loyalists, asserting the primacy of the civilian government, and returning the group from military to a national police force. Guillermo David Endara Galimany (May 12, 1936 – September 28, 2009) was President of Panama from 1989 to 1994. Guillermo David Endara Galimany (May 12, 1936 – September 28, 2009) was President of Panama from 1989 to 1994. To call attention to these problems, Endara staged a public hunger strike from the steps of the Metropolitan Cathedral in Panama City. When Arias was overthrown in a 1941 coup, the Endara family joined him in exile. Guillermo Endara (born 1936) was a member of the Panameñista Party and an ally of Arnulfo Arias for many years prior to his installation as president of Panama by the U.S. Government in 1989. [14] However, unemployment also rose near 19%. Guillermo Endara (born 1936) was a member of the Panameñista Party and an ally of Arnulfo Arias for many years prior to his installation as president of Panama by the U.S. Government in 1989. His political ties to Arias remained strong, however, and he supported Arias' continued opposition to the interference of the Panamanian military in national politics. Guillermo Endara, a 54-year-old lawyer who was sworn in yesterday as the new President of Panama, was virtually unknown in … The marriage received widespread coverage and mockery in the Panamanian press, including a new nickname for Endara, El Gordo Feliz ("Happy Fatty"). [8] He was briefly hospitalized and received eight stitches. Born Guillermo David Endara Galimany, he served as president of Panama from 1989 to 1994. [17] His primary rival was Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD) candidate Martín Torrijos, son of the former military dictator Omar Torrijos. [1], He returned to Panama in 1963 to practice law, and specialized in labor law. Seven months later, the United States invaded Panama, and swore in Endara as the new president on the first night of the invasion on a U.S. military base. He was succeeded by opposition candidate Ernesto Pérez Balladares on September 1, 1994. Bush also agreed that Endara had won a decisive victory. When Arias was overthrown again in October 1968, Endara went underground, was jailed briefly in 1971, and joined Arias in exile until 1977. Guillermo Endara, the president after Noriega's downfall, took many steps to distance Panama from Noriega's shadow. In the course of the strike, he lost more than thirty of his two hundred and sixty pounds. Endara finished second, receiving 31% of the vote to Torrijos' 47%. In October 1994, the National Assembly passed an amendment abolishing the military at Endara's urging, becoming the second Latin American country to do so. [4][7] Noriega had planned to declare Duque the winner regardless of the actual results, but Duque refused to go along. Receive email notifications about memorials you manage. Seven months after the election the Christmas invasion restored the victory that Noriega's thugs denied him. Select from premium Guillermo Endara of the highest quality. In 1968, when Arias returned to the presidency for the third time, Endara served as Arias' minister of planning and economic policy. Although the canal was destined for Panamanian administration, the military bases rema… [4] The US government contributed $10 million to Panamanian opposition campaigns, though it was unknown whether Endara received any of this money. We drove towards a park, following Guillermo Endara, the president elect, and Guillermo Ford, the vice-president elect. Marcela died of a heart attack in 1989 while Endara was hospitalized from the attack by the Dignity Brigades. The company's filing status is listed as Inactive and its File Number is 847112. He died of a heart attack on September 28, 2009, several months after his last campaign. Endara responded that Arias's resignation was "demagoguery" and "merely starting his 1994 political campaign ahead of time". His father had a close association with Arnulfo Arias, the founder of ‘Panameñista Party’. He was 73. In addition, a year after the invasion more than 2,000 people in Panama City were still homeless as a result of U.S. weaponry. [5], To safeguard against planned vote-rigging by Noriega, ADOC organized a count of results from the country's election precincts before they were sent to the district centers. American soldiers look inside a secret police prison cell during the invasion of Panama. Copyright © 2020 LoveToKnow. One of them was transforming the military forces into police forces (in order to purge Noriega loyalist from power), to the point that the military was abolished in 1994. Endara, once a portly widower whose appetite gave him the nickname "Honey Bun", found himself with a new moniker: "El Gordo Feliz" – Happy Fatty. The assaults received widespread coverage in international media, helping to build support within the U.S. for military action against Noriega. The history of the country goes back to the 16th century when it was inhabited by the Spanish. His cause of death is still a mystery. When Arias died in 1988, Endara took on the gargantuan task of leading the opposition to Noriega and the militarization of Panama. After Arias was removed from power, Endara and his family … Endara, … After Arias' death in 1988, Endara became a leading opponent of the Manuel Noriega military dictatorship, heading the opposition coalition in the 1989 presidential election. His rival was Carlos Duque, a candidate selected by Noriega. What is a Public Name? Script error: The function "getCommonsLink" does not exist. [15], In early 1991, the ADOC coalition began to unravel as Endara, Arias, and Ford publicly criticized one another. For more information on Guillermo Endara and Panamanian politics see Frederick Kempe, Divorcing the Dictator: America's Bungled Affair with Noriega (1990); and John Dinges, Our Man in Panama: How General Noriega Used the United States—and Made Millions in Drugs and Arms (1990); John and Mavis Biesanz, The People of Panama (1955); Steve C. Ropp, Panamanian Politics: From Guarded Nation to National Guard (1982); and William Jorden, Panama Odyssey: From Colony to Partner (1983). The United States invaded Panama in 1989 to bring leader Manuel Noriega back to the U.S. to face charges of racketeering, drug trafficking, and money laundering while making way for the rise of the democratically elected leader, Guillermo Endara. [2] He won his first public office in 1964, but declined to take it due to evidence of voter fraud in the election. All Rights Reserved. Marcela died of a heart attack in 1989 while Endara was hospitalized from the attack by the Dignity Brigades. biographical name Guillermo 1936- president of Panama (1989-94) New Collegiate Dictionary. He had to await the U.S. invasion to be restored to the Panamanian executive office. PANAMA CITY -- Former President Guillermo Endara, who led Panama to democracy after the U.S. invasion that toppled dictator Gen. Manuel Noriega, died Monday. [2][27] Endara was reportedly so happy in the marriage that he would even leave cabinet meetings for "a quick cuddle". Find the perfect Guillermo Endara stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. "Guillermo Endara, Who Helped Lead Panama From Noriega to Democracy, Dies at 73", "Endara's Coalition Faces Difficult Test", "Panama Violence Spreads Thugs Attack 3 Anti-noriega Candidates", "Panama declares election result void; Endara hurt", "Panama's Philosopher Pol;Ricardo Arias Calderon's Leap From Exiled Academic to Vice President", "Panama's 3-Party Rule Turns Into 3-Ring Circus", "Guillermo Endara, 73; led Panama after Noriega toppled", "Guillermo Endara, former president of Panama, fights against corruption, crime", "Panama Vote Said to Demonstrate Discontent With Leader - and U.S.", "Not his father's son? Endara's term as president ended in August, 1994. [19], From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. On 7 September 1977, President of the United States Jimmy Carter and the de facto leader of Panama, General Omar Torrijos, signed Torrijos–Carter Treaties, which set in motion the process of handing over the Panama Canal to Panamanian control by the year 2000. He was succeeded by Ernesto Pérez Balladares. [2] He remarried on June 11, 1990, at the age of 54, to Ana Mae Diaz Chen, a 22-year-old law student of Chinese origin. Join us! [6] Regardless, Noriega annulled the results before counting was complete due to "foreign interference. [20] The Associated Press later described Endara's administration as being "tarnished by scandal". Guillermo Endara was installed as president of Panama in the Christmas 1989 invasion (Operation Just Cause) by U.S. military forces sent to depose General Manuel Noriega. Endara ran for office again in 2004 and 2009, but lost to Democratic Revolutionary Party party candidate Martin Torrijos and to independent candidate Ricardo Martinelli. Endara married his first wife Marcela, in 1961; the couple had one daughter, Marcelita, and three grandchildren, Javier, Marcela Victoria and Jacob. The perfect Guillermo Endara, his head swathed in a bandage, went! 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