For example, until 2000 the rules and regulations for defining and obtaining German citizenship excluded the substantial long-residing Turkish population in the country. Processes contributing to transnationalism include the economic influences of corporations operating globally, often referred to as transnational corporations, and cooperative agreements between governments. livelovecheer04. Although many large corporations have been operating globally for decades, the Internet has enabled small organizations and individuals to access instantaneously a worldwide communication network. 2. Beyond economic considerations, this implies that host countries reciprocate by providing avenues for civic participation and in some cases the rights of citizenship for transnational groups. The Turkish minority was rooted in a Turkish national identity and a Muslim religious identity, both foreign to the German collective identity, yet Germany was in many ways economically dependent on that minority. These arrangements offer new trade and industrial opportunities for private business and government alike. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,000 schools, colleges, universities, and other the visible imprint of human activity and culture on a landscape. Globalization is a related concept that represents the intensification of economic, cultural, and political practices accelerating across the globe in the early 21st century. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. 12th Grade. AP® Human Geography 2007 Scoring Guidelines The College Board: Connecting Students to College Success The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Patterns of voluntary and forced migration may be affected by distance and physical features. 34 terms. Culture. YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE... AP Human Geography Ch. dependency ratio, political (e.g. The concept of transnationalism suggests a weakening of the control a nation-state has over its borders, inhabitants, and territory. modification of Earth's surface by human actions. AP Human Geography Vocabulary Apartheid: a legal system that was the physical separation of different races into different geographic areas My definition: separation of people in South Africa based on race Example: There were apartheid laws in South Africa between around 1950 to 1994. Omissions? culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups ... Transnational Corporation: Definition. NOW 50% OFF! Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Unit I - Geography: It's Nature and Perspectives. Neocolonialism, the control of less-developed countries by developed countries through indirect means. Definition: A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians. The term broadly refers to the foreign dependency of former colonies and their colonial-like exploitation by international corporations and financial institutions based in developed countries. 1 at Cram.com. 1206380922: Literacy Rate Science of mapmaking: Term. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. relationship between human cultures and their physical environment. 68. A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located. Nonetheless, the loyalties of migrant groups often transcend this critical feature of the nation-state with primary allegiance and identity given to religion or their culture of origin. 26. Pressure for change resulted in the reform of Germany’s citizenship and nationality law in 2000. Here, nationalism is characterized as a strong belief among people who share a common language, history, and culture that the interests of the nation-state are paramount. Many Turkish citizens had lived in Germany for many decades and desired dual citizenship. isit www.marcolearning.com itin enin esues 2 AGE. January 19, 2019 / in AP Human Geography / by emmacalderwood Key Takeaways: Political Organization of Space A nation is a group of people with common cultural characteristics, whereas a state is an area with defined boundaries that has sovereignty within its borders. As developed nations became more economically dependent on immigrant workers, there was more political pressure for the state to enter reciprocal relationships with those groups, particularly those of long-term residence. Transnational communities and pressure for change, https://www.britannica.com/topic/transnationalism. They defined citizenship in terms of political representation and nationality as an ethnic identity conflicting with the German definition of citizenship, which combined citizenship with nationality. spread of an idea or innovation from its source. Transnationalism, economic, political, and cultural processes that extend beyond the boundaries of nation-states. After a generation, many of these groups were fully assimilated into the dominant culture of the nation of immigration. Rostow’s Stages of Development model is only concerned with economic geography; therefore, it would be unreasonable to criticize it for focusing on economic differences. Therefore, loyalty to the state may compete equally with allegiance to a culture or religion. Chapter 1 - Basic Concepts. City/Neighborhood What type of questions do geographers ask? 84 terms. For instance, a woman's handbag may have been made in France, her computer in China, while her spouse's shoes may have come from Italy, his car from Germany, hers from Japan, and their furniture from Denmark. cultural, economic, historical, political) influence the distribution of people, Use population density to explain the relationship between people and the environment, The three methods for calculating population density are arithmetic, physiological, and agricultural, Explain the implications of population distributions and densities, Population distribution and density influence political, economic, and social processes (e.g. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. AP Human Geography. Free flashcards to help memorize facts about AP Human Geography Chapter 3 Migration Vocab. Created. For many, the connection with their country of emigration took the form of diaspora—the formation of tightly bounded communities on the basis of common cultural and ethnic references between places of origin and arrival. His contributions to SAGE Publications's. Test 2. … AP Human Geography Samples and Commentary from the 2019 Exam Administration: Free-Response Question 1 - Set 2 Author: College Board Subject: AP Human Geography Samples and Commentary from the 2019 Exam Administration: Free-Response Question 1 - Set 2 Keywords According to (Portes et al. …often span international boundaries, and transnational kin frequently participate in or provide support for insurgencies in other states. Here the very definition of diaspora is examined in detail. Inside the home of an average American couple, you'll find a good example of globalization. AP Human Geography Unit 1 Geographical Perspectives Directions: Use Rubenstein textbook “The Cultural Landscape” Chapter One to complete vocabulary terms and definitions , provide real life examples, and add graphic a image/symbol to reflect each term. Cultural identity. The impacts of the transnational migration of groups, although different, need to be understood within the context of globalization. belief in belonging to a group or central cultural aspect. lexiebourque1. 1206380921: Less Developed Country (LDC) A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of economic development. Description. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Description. carrying capacity), Population distribution and density affect the need for infrastructure (e.g. AP Human Geography Rubenstein Chapter 3 Migration Kbat Vocabulary questionBrain drain answerlarge-scale emigration by talented people questionChain migration (migration ladder) answermigration of people to a specific ... Transnational migration. Transnationalism, economic, political, and cultural processes that extend beyond the boundaries of nation-states. sanitation), Age, sex, and ethnicity are elements of population composition that may be mapped and graphed at various scales, Population pyramids are used to project population growth and decline and to predict markets for goods and services, B.  Populations grow and decline over time and space, Explain contemporary and historical trends in population growth and decline, Demographic factors that determine population growth and decline are fertility, mortality, and migration, Rates of natural increase and doubling-times are used to explain population growth and decline, Social, cultural, political, and economic factors influence fertility, mortality, and migration rates, Interpret and apply theories of population growth and decline, The demographic transition model may be used to explain population change over time and space, Malthusian theory is used to analyze population change and its consequences, The epidemiological transition explains causes and changing death rates, Evaluate various national and international population policies, Types of population policies include those that promote or restrict population growth (e.g. Term Definition; Development: ... transnational corporation: investment and operation in other countries other than where the headquarters of a company is located itself. Term: Globalization Definition: Growth to a global or worldwide scale. New advances in transportation and communication technologies, such as the Internet, provide potential avenues of virtual connectivity among these individuals and groups moving across national borders. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. Geography. Britannica Kids Holiday Bundle! geographic approach that emphasizes human-environmental relationships. climate, landforms, water bodies) and human factors (e.g. answer. Details are as follows: Reading Assignment: This summer you need to read The Power of Place: Geography, Destiny, and Globalization’s Rough Landscape by Harm de Blij.. Voluntary migrations may be transnational, internal, chain, step, and rural to urban. integration of behavioral traits within a group . a group of cultural traits. The formation of the European Union resulted in the reexamination of long-term relationships with transnational groups (such as the Turkish and Kurdish populations). It emerged centuries ago; leading practitioners have included Voltaire (1694-1778), Hegel (1770-1831), Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Arnold J. Toynbee (1889-1975). The economic interdependence between nation-states and their transnational communities, engendered by forces of globalization, are forcing state action to redefine concepts such as citizenship and nationality, which are deeply embedded in a nation’s culture, history, and traditions. Mr. Powell's AP Human Geography. Permanent residence carried an expectation of acquired citizenship and nationality in those countries based on notions of “national assimilation” (e.g., United States and France) as opposed to ancestry (such as Germany). AP Human Geography Name_____ Chapter 1: Thinking Geographically Period_____ Basic Concepts. Subject. Global processes are closely related to transnationalism yet tend to be separate from specific national boundaries. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The most common pattern is for research and development in more economically developed countries, and cheap, less skilled labour in less economically developed countries. From the Greek word meaning 'to scatter,' a diaspora is defined as a community of people who do not live in their country of origin, but maintain their heritage in a new land. Assistant Professor of Public Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University. Other activities to help include hangman, crossword, word scramble, games, matching, quizes, and tests. Types of migration: transnational, internal, chain, step, seasonal agriculture (e .g ., transhumance), and rural to urban 2 . Borders are, in a technical sense, just lines in the sand and are often not difficult to cross…. AP Human Geography Exam. Cram.com makes it easy to get the grade you want! This guide highlights the resources for Human Geography, the study of human settlements in their places. Delimitation of the concept of transnationalism. B) Describe the world wide geographic distribution for subsistence and commercial agriculture today. Level of detail and amount of area covered on a map: ... Transnational Corporation: Definition. (AP) The term "cultural diffusion" refers to the. Historically, migrant groups moving from one nation to another were expected to prove their belonging and loyalty by adopting the prescribed moral and political values of their nation of immigration. (States the physical terrain of the world dictates how the humans survive). History. human geo final. Globalization is a form of spatial diffusion. Definition. Map Scale: Definition. Give one example of a geographic question dealing with your city, state, and region. ... 1 . Transnational processes, on the other hand, are anchored in and transcend one or more nation-states. Spatial . ... AP Human Geography Culture Vocab. Human Development Index (HDI) Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy. local to global, Physical factors (e.g. How do geographers organize information compared to historians? AP Human Geography Chapter 3 Vocab. Dual loyalties have led some nations to liberalize their laws regarding dual citizenship or provide rights and privileges to noncitizen groups who permanently reside within their borders, while others have adopted the opposite position and made their immigration policies more exclusionary. With increased global mobility and access to instantaneous worldwide communication technology, boundaries dissolve and the territorial controls imposed by the traditional nation-state become less relevant. Term: Comparative Advantage Definition: The ability of an individual or group to carry out an economic activity, such as production, at a lower cost and more efficiently than another entity. migrants who set up homes and/or work in more than one nation-state (People that may work in one country at one season, then in another another season) ... Ap Human Geography Unit 4. retirement), economic (e.g. Total Cards. This dynamic gave rise to large numbers of ethnic communities within nation-states, retaining elements of culture in terms of identity yet remaining subservient to national loyalty. Updates? Transnational community refers to those groups who migrate and reside in a receiving nation for a considerable time yet maintain strong transnational ties. Start studying AP Human Geography Unit 6 (Economic Human Geography- Transnational and Multinational Corporations) Review. 1. Also known as MNCs (Multinational Companies) these are large businesses that operate in a number of countries. Following is an outline of the major content areas covered by the AP Human Geography Exam, as well as the approximate percentages of the multiple-choice section that are devoted to each area. Increased immigration to developed countries in response to global economic development has resulted in multicultural societies where immigrants are more likely to maintain contact with their culture of origin and less likely to assimilate. 34 terms. housing) and urban services (e.g. However, state definitions of citizenship and nationality and the rules for political participation may become more relevant for transnational groups. [It] involves individuals, their networks of social relations, their communities, and broader institutionalized structures such as local and national governments. The social group can vary in size and scale from the Family or local Community to the Nation or transnational community. 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